HOHOHO! MERRY X'MAS

Thursday, October 25, 2007

A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that
organisational goals can be accomplished.

First-line managers are managers at the lowest level of the organisation that manage the work of nonmanagerial employees.

Middle managers are managers between the first-line level and the top level of the organisation who manage the work of first-line managers.

Top managers are managers at or near the upper levels of the organisation structure who are responsible for making organisation-wide decisions and establishing the goals and plans that affect the entire organisation.

Management is coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.

Efficiency refers to doing things right, or getting the most output from the least amount of inputs.

Effectiveness refers to doing the right things, or completing activities so that organisational goals are attained.

Management functions refer to managers’ work activities of planning, organising, leading
and controlling. [POLC]

Planning function involves defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
Organising function involves arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organisation’s goals.
Leading function involves working with and through people to accomplishorganisational goals.
Controlling function involves monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance.

Management Roles

Interpersonal Roles
Informational Roles
Decisional Roles

Interpersonal roles are roles that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature.

3 interpersonal roles
• Figurehead
• Leader
• Liaison

Informational roles are roles
that involve receiving, collecting
and disseminating information.

3 informational roles
• Monitor
• Disseminator
• Spokesperson

Decisional roles are roles that revolve around making choices.

4 decisional roles
• Entrepreneur
• Disturbance handler
• Resource allocator
• Negotiator

Management skills- 3 types
• Technical
• Human
• Conceptual

Technical skills refer to job-specific knowledge and techniquesneeded to proficiently performspecific tasks.
First-line managers and middle managers are heavily involved in technical aspects of the organisation’s operations.

Human skills refer to the ability to work well with other people individually and in a group.
Human skills are essential for all levels of management.

Conceptual skills refer to the ability to think and to conceptualise about abstract and complex situations.
Conceptual skills are more important for top management.

An organisation is a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.

The characteristics of an organisation:

• Each organisation has a distinct purpose
• Each organisation is composed of people
• All organisations develop some deliberate structure so that their members can do their work

^LOVE, SANTA(:
9:21 AM